across 的用法
1. 無論用作介詞還是用作副詞,均可表示動態(tài)意義或靜態(tài)意義:
(1) 表示動態(tài)意義,意為“橫過”“到…的另一邊”。如:
Can you swim across? 你能游過去嗎? (副詞用法)
I cam swim across the river in 10 minutes. 我可以在10分鐘之內(nèi)游過河去。(介詞用法)
(2) 表示靜態(tài)意義,意為“在…的另一邊”。如:
My house is just across the street. 我家就在街道對面。(介詞用法)
We leave Dover at ten and we should be across in France by midnight. 我們10點鐘離開多佛,午夜時應(yīng)能抵達(dá)法國那邊。(副詞用法)
2. across from與from across都可以說,但含義稍有區(qū)別:
(1) across from 表靜態(tài)意義,意為“在對面”,與opposite同義,此時也可省略from只說across。如:
Just across from our house there's a school. 就在我們房子的對面有一所學(xué)校。
I'm staying at a little hotel just across from the Libyan Embassy. 我住在利比亞大使館正對面的一所小旅館里。
(2) from across 則表動態(tài)意義,意為“從……的對面”。如:
He shouted to me from across the room. 他從房間的另一邊向我喊。
They waved at us from across the room. 他們從房間那一頭向我們招手。
3. 注意不要與動詞cross弄混:
(1) 表示“穿過”時的用法比較:
It's dangerous for an old man to cross such a crowded street. 老人穿過這樣擁擠的街道很危險。
It's dangerous for an old man to walk across such a crowded street. 老人穿過這樣擁擠的街道很危險。
(2) 表示“交叉”時的用法比較:
The roads cross just outside the village. 那兩條路就在村外交叉。
He sat there with his arms across his chest. 他坐在那兒,兩臂交叉放在胸前。(介詞用法)
4. 用于習(xí)語come across,主要用法有:
(1) 偶然遇見,碰見(=run across)
Where did you come [run] across her? 你在那兒碰到她的?
I've just come across a beautiful poem in this book. 我在這本書里偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一首優(yōu)美的詩。
(2) 被理解,被傳達(dá)(=come over)
He spoke for a long time but his meaning did not really come across. 他講了很長時間,但他的意思沒有人真正理解。
(3) 使人產(chǎn)生某種印象(=come over)
Your speech came across very well. 你的演說相當(dāng)受歡迎。
He came across as sympathetic / a sympathetic person. 他給人以有同情心的印象。
注意以下用法,它不是習(xí)語,其中的across為副詞,表示“在另一邊”:
Come across to my office this afternoon. 你今天下午到我辦公室來一趟。