challenge
音標(biāo)發(fā)音
- 英式音標(biāo) ['t??l?n(d)?]
- 美式音標(biāo) [?t??l.?nd?]
- 英式發(fā)音
- 美式發(fā)音
基本解釋
- n.挑戰(zhàn)；邀請比賽；盤問；質(zhì)疑
- v.向 ... 挑戰(zhàn)；盤問；質(zhì)疑
詞源解說
- 1292年進(jìn)入英語，直接源自古法語的chalenge，意為爭論；最初源自拉丁語的calumnia，意為詭計(jì)，花招。
同根派生
- adj性質(zhì)的同根詞
- challenging：挑戰(zhàn)的；引起挑戰(zhàn)性興趣的。
- challengeable：挑戰(zhàn)性的。
- n性質(zhì)的同根詞
- challenger：挑戰(zhàn)者。
- v性質(zhì)的同根詞
- challenging：要求；質(zhì)疑；反對；向…挑戰(zhàn)；盤問（challenge的ing形式）。
用法辨析
- challenge用作名詞的基本意思是“挑戰(zhàn),邀請比賽”。引申可指“具有挑戰(zhàn)性的事物”“艱巨的任務(wù)”; 也可指對某事的正確性或合法性的“質(zhì)疑”; 還可指哨兵發(fā)出的“止步命令,喝停盤問”。
- challenge常與介詞to連用,引出挑戰(zhàn)的對象。
- challenge可接動詞不定式，表示“提出…的挑戰(zhàn)”。
- challenge用作動詞的基本意思是“挑戰(zhàn)”,指通過決斗或其他較量方式解決爭端。引申指對某事的正確性、合法性提出“質(zhì)疑”; 也可指“考驗(yàn)?zāi)橙说哪芰Α薄凹ぐl(fā)某人做某事”; 還可指哨兵“喝令站住”,盤問諸如身份、姓名、意圖等; 亦指“要求”“需要”。
- challenge是及物動詞,可接名詞、代詞或從句作賓語,也可接以動詞不定式充當(dāng)補(bǔ)足語的復(fù)合賓語?？捎糜诒粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)。
- challenged同challenging都為形容詞，前者表示“受到挑戰(zhàn)的”，后者表示“挑戰(zhàn)性的，激發(fā)人們思考或行動的”。
- 要表示“向某人挑戰(zhàn)，和某人比試”時(shí)，用challenge sb to sth,這里介詞to不改為with。He challenged me to a debate. 他向我挑戰(zhàn)，要和我比試辯論。
n. (名詞)
v. (動詞)
英漢例句
- Exploring outer space is a challenge to mankind.
探索外太空是一項(xiàng)向人類發(fā)出的挑戰(zhàn)。 - I did not think he was right, so I challenged him.
我認(rèn)為他是不對的,因此向他提出質(zhì)疑。 - He challenged why I didn't get things ready before.
他質(zhì)問我為什么不早點(diǎn)準(zhǔn)備。 - I challenge you to show your proof.
我要求你拿出證據(jù)來。
用作名詞 (n.)
用作動詞 (v.)
用作及物動詞: S+～+ n./pron.
S+～+wh-clause
用作賓補(bǔ)動詞: S+～+ n./pron. +to- v
詞組短語
- accept a challenge 應(yīng)戰(zhàn)
- face an challenge 面臨著挑戰(zhàn)
- give a challenge 挑戰(zhàn)
- meet the challenge 迎接挑戰(zhàn)；滿足要求
- pose challenges 提出挑戰(zhàn)
用作名詞 (n.)
動詞+～
英英字典
- (DIFFICULT JOB) (the situation of being faced with) something that needs great mental or physical effort in order to be done successfully and therefore tests a person's ability
- (INVITATION) an invitation to compete or take part, especially in a game or argument
- (QUESTION) asking if something is true or legal
- (INSTRUCTION) an instruction given by a soldier or guard at a border or gate, telling someone to stand still and say their name and reasons for being there
- (REFUSAL) the act of refusing to accept someone as a member of a jury
- (INVITE) to invite someone to compete or take part, especially in a game or argument
- (DOUBT) to question if something is true or legal
- (TEST) to test someone's ability or determination
- (STOP) to tell someone at a border or gate to stand still and say their name and reasons for being there
- (REFUSE TO ACCEPT) to refuse to accept someone as a member of a jury
- A challenge is something new and difficult which requires great effort and determination.
- A challenge to something is a questioning of its truth or value. A challenge to someone is a questioning of their authority.
- If someone rises to the challenge, they act in response to a difficult situation which is new to them and are successful.
- If you challenge ideas or people, you question their truth, value, or authority.
- If you challenge someone, you invite them to fight or compete with you in some way.
- Challenge is also a noun.
- &rarrsee also challenging
劍橋英英字典
柯林斯英英字典
專業(yè)釋義
- 挑戰(zhàn)
These features challenge the pricing of information goods.
信息產(chǎn)品的這些特性給其定價(jià)提出了挑戰(zhàn)。法學(xué)
- 挑戰(zhàn)
These changes make policy banks face a new challenge.
這些改變,使政策性銀行面臨著新的挑戰(zhàn)。 - 回避
Secondly,challenge initiation should be improved.
其次,完善刑事回避的啟動程序。 - (對陪審員的出庭等提出的)反對
- 對陪審員的合法性表示反對：
- 攻毒
None I-Il antibody were detected in the control or fowlpox virus immunized chickens before or after immunization or challenge.
對照組雞免疫和攻毒前后無HI抗體檢出。文學(xué)
- 質(zhì)疑
It studies the most important characteristic of the postmodern-the challenge to totalizing and universalizing truths.
首先揭示后現(xiàn)代最基本的特征―對無所不包，無所不適的真理的質(zhì)疑。醫(yī)藥科學(xué)
- 激發(fā)
The control mice received saline injection and intranasal challenge instead of the OVA solution.
對照組因每組致敏、激發(fā)時(shí)間采用生理鹽水進(jìn)行致敏和激發(fā)。生物學(xué)
- 攻擊
- 向…查問口令；盤問：
- 叫板
- 挑戰(zhàn)