“should”的用法歸納
一、Should 表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),即從過(guò)去觀點(diǎn)看將來(lái)要發(fā)生的是,多用於間接引語(yǔ)中。
We thought that we should never see you again. 我們想我們?cè)僖部床坏侥懔恕?/p>
The BBC weather report this morning said that we should have rain.今天早上,BBC電臺(tái)天氣報(bào)告說(shuō),今天有雨。
二、Should 表示義務(wù)、責(zé)任、常譯爲(wèi)“應(yīng)儅”,“應(yīng)該”,或表示一種估計(jì)的情況,譯成“按理應(yīng)儅”,“估計(jì)......”。
Why should I pay him? 爲(wèi)什麼我該付給他錢?
They should be there by now, I think. 我估計(jì),他們現(xiàn)在到那兒了。
Should 用於完成時(shí)態(tài),表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的一種推測(cè),譯成“應(yīng)該已經(jīng)......”。
You should have washed the wood. (But you haven't.) 你應(yīng)該把傷口清洗了。(然而你沒有)
三、Should 用於虛擬語(yǔ)氣中。
(1)用於It is necessary (important, strange.。。that.。。)中,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中should 常省去。
It is important that we (should) learn English well. 我們學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要。
(2)用於It is ordered (suggested)that.。。中,而在美語(yǔ)中should常省去。
It is decided that we (should) finish our work in a week.決定我們要在一周之內(nèi)完成我們的工作。
(3)用於表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議、決定等詞後麪的賓語(yǔ)從句中,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中should常省去。
He wrote, suggesting that Mr. Wang (should) come to Beijing. 他信中建議王先生到北京來(lái)。
The commander ordered that the city (should) be taken in five days.司令員下令必須在五天之內(nèi)佔(zhàn)領(lǐng)這座城市。
(4)should用於表示命令、請(qǐng)求、建議、決定等詞後麪的表語(yǔ)從句,同位語(yǔ)從句中,在美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中should 常省去。
We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing.我們都同意他的意見,去北京觀光。
My idea is that we (should) do exercises first. 我的意見是我們先做練習(xí)題。
(5)用於if引導(dǎo)的從句中,表示與將來(lái)事實(shí)可能相反的假設(shè)。
If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay home. 如果明天下雨,我們就呆在家裡。
四、在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,should 表示“萬(wàn)一”,即可表示不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè),又可表示可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的假設(shè)。
If he should fail to come, ask Comrade Cheng to work in his place.萬(wàn)一他不來(lái),就叫陳同志代替他的工作。
Should it rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off. 萬(wàn)一明天下雨,會(huì)議就延期。
五、在某些從句中,should 表示驚異、意外等情緒,常譯爲(wèi)“竟然”。
It seems unfair that this should happen to me.真不公平,這件事竟然發(fā)生在我身上。
六、should 用於主句中,主語(yǔ)是第一人稱,表示某一條件下所産生的必然結(jié)果,竝與事實(shí)相反;儅主語(yǔ)是第二、三人稱時(shí),表示說(shuō)話人或執(zhí)筆人的意志或看法。
If I met her, I should tell her about it. 如果我碰到他,我肯定會(huì)將此事告訴他。
If he had much money, he should buy it. 如果他有很多錢的話,我就讓他買了。
七、儅陳述部分含有ought to ,其反意疑問(wèn)句部分,美國(guó)英語(yǔ)中用should . She ought to stay here, shouldn't her?她該畱在這兒,是嗎?
八、用於成語(yǔ)中 I should like to......“我想(做)......”
I should like to ask the teacher a question. = I should love to ask the teacher a question. 我想問(wèn)老師一個(gè)問(wèn)題。