現(xiàn)在分詞的否定式的構(gòu)成與用法

英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞否定式的構(gòu)成方法是在現(xiàn)在分詞前加否定詞 not。

一、現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的否定式

現(xiàn)在分詞一般式的否定式為 not doing / never doing。如：

I sat at the back, never daring to speak. 我坐在后面，從不敢吭聲。

Not liking mathematics, she gave it up. 她不喜歡數(shù)學(xué)，所以不學(xué)了。

Not being able to understand English, he didn't know what they wanted. 由于他不懂英語(yǔ)，他不知道他們要什么。

Not knowing what to do, she came to ask for my advice. 她不知如何是好，便來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)我的意見(jiàn)。

Not knowing her address, I wasn't able to contact her. 由于不知道她的地址，我沒(méi)法和她聯(lián)系。

Not having enough [sufficient] hands, they couldn't finish the work in time. 由于人手不足，他們不能及時(shí)完成工作。

He has a military bearing, never failing to carry himself erect. 他有一種軍人的風(fēng)姿，身板總是挺得筆直。英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法

We lived from hand to mouth, never knowing where the next meal was coming from. 我們?nèi)兆舆^(guò)得緊緊巴巴的，從來(lái)是吃了上頓沒(méi)下頓。

二、現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的否定式

現(xiàn)在分詞完成式的否定式為 not having done / never having done。如：

Not having done it right, I tried again. 我由于沒(méi)有做對(duì)，所以又試了試。

Not having received an answer, he decided to write another letter to her. 由于沒(méi)接到回信，他決定再給她寫(xiě)一封信。

Never having been ill himself, he wasn't a sympathetic listener. 他自己從未生過(guò)病，所以聽(tīng)到別人的病情時(shí)，并不怎么同情。

Not having encountered an atlas before, she could not make head or tail of maps. 因?yàn)檫^(guò)去從來(lái)都沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)地圖冊(cè)，她對(duì)那些地圖摸不著頭腦。