什么是條件狀語(yǔ)從句
引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞
主要的有if, unless, as [so] long as等:
You can leave now if you like. 如果你愿意現(xiàn)在就可以走了。
As long as it doesn't rain we can go. 只要不下雨,我們就可以去。
【注】除以上基本的引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的從屬連詞外,還有的動(dòng)詞尤其是其分詞形式(如suppose, supposing, provided, providing等)和介詞短語(yǔ)(如in case, on condition that等)也可用作連詞表示條件:
In case I forget, please remind me about it. 萬(wàn)一我忘記,請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐乙幌隆?/p>
I will come on condition (that) she is invited too. 如果邀請(qǐng)她來(lái), 那我就來(lái)。
He may go with us provided [providing] he arrives in time. 他若及時(shí)到,就可以和我們一起走。
Suppose 和supposing 引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),通常用于主句為疑問(wèn)句的場(chǎng)合:
Suppose the boss saw you,what would he say? 如果老板看到你,他會(huì)怎樣說(shuō)?
Supposing he does not come, shall we go without him? 他若不來(lái),是不是不帶他去?
條件狀語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)
當(dāng)主句為將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)或具有將來(lái)意時(shí),條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)意義,而不能直接使用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài):
I'll stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 要是明天下雨,我就呆在家里。
【注】有時(shí)也可見(jiàn)到 if you will 這樣的說(shuō)法,但那不是將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),而是表示意愿或委婉的請(qǐng)求(此處的 will是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞):
If you will wait for a moment, I'll go and tell the manager that you are here. 請(qǐng)等一下,我去告訴經(jīng)理說(shuō)你來(lái)了。